Pemetaan Penggunaan Model Numerik Pada Perairan Indonesia : Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30872/fy3fe789Keywords:
Model Numerik, Review Literatur Sistematis, Perairan Indonesia, Hidrodinamika, OseanografiAbstract
Perairan Indonesia memiliki karakteristik yang sangat kompleks akibat interaksi berbagai dinamika laut, atmosfer, dan daratan sehingga menimbulkan beragam permasalahan yang perlu dipahami secara mendalam, mulai dari pola arus, perambatan gelombang, hingga penyebaran pencemar. Kompleksitas tersebut menuntut penggunaan pendekatan ilmiah yang mampu memberikan gambaran prediktif, salah satunya adalah pemodelan numerik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau secara sistematis perkembangan penggunaan model numerik dalam kajian perairan Indonesia dengan periode publikasi tahun 2009 hingga 2024. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui telaah literatur dengan pendekatan Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis. Pencarian data dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak pencari artikel ilmiah dan menggunakan basis data Scopus. Langkah awal memperoleh 711 publikasi yang relevan, kemudian setelah dilakukan proses penghapusan artikel ganda jumlah artikel berkurang menjadi 614, dan setelah penyaringan berdasarkan judul, penulis pertama, serta abstrak, diperoleh 206 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi yaitu penelitian dengan penulis pertama berasal dari Indonesia dan lokasi penelitian berada pada wilayah perairan Indonesia. Hasil peninjauan literatur menunjukkan bahwa model numerik banyak digunakan untuk mempelajari dinamika arus laut, simulasi gelombang, dan analisis penyebaran polutan. Meskipun frekuensi penggunaan model numerik terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun, beberapa keterbatasan masih dihadapi, terutama terkait keterbatasan data lapangan jangka panjang, penerapan model di wilayah terpencil, serta integrasi dengan kebutuhan praktis dalam pengelolaan pesisir dan laut. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa model numerik telah menjadi instrumen penting dalam penelitian perairan di Indonesia, namun arah pengembangannya ke depan masih perlu memperhatikan penguatan basis data observasi, integrasi dengan disiplin lain, serta pemanfaatan untuk mendukung kebijakan pengelolaan sumber daya laut secara lebih berkelanjutan.
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