Progressive Physics Journal is a peer-reviewed, open access journal which publishes original research articles as well as short communication in all areas of physics including applied physics, such as Theoretical Physics, Material Physics, Electronics & Instrumentation, Medical Physics, Computational Physics and Modeling, Geophysics, Oceanography, and other relevant branches of Physics. It is published twice a year, i.e., in June and December. slot slot88 toto togel slot gacor slot gacor
Program Studi Fisika, Jurusan Fisika, FMIPA, Universitas Mulawarman
The effect of microemulsion method on the characteristics of Fe3O4/TiO2 material and its relationship with performance in methylene blue degradation: A Systematic Review
TiO2-based photocatalysis offers a potential solution, but it has limitations, including high electron–hole recombination and difficulty in separating the catalyst after the reaction. The development of Fe3O4/TiO2 nanocomposites via the microemulsion method was conducted to enhance performance while facilitating catalyst separation. This study aims to examine the influence of the microemulsion method on material characteristics, characterization results, and their relationship to methylene blue degradation performance. The study was conducted using a systematic review with a PRISMA-compliant approach on literature from Scopus over the past 10 years. The selection process yielded five relevant articles. The microemulsion method was proven capable of producing nanoparticles (8–50 nm) with a homogeneous distribution and a mesoporous structure with a high surface area. XRD and SEM characterization results showed a dominance of the anatase phase or a mixture of anatase-rutile, which plays a role in enhancing charge separation. Photocatalytic performance showed a methylene blue degradation efficiency of up to approximately 90% within 60 minutes under sunlight. The improved performance was influenced by small particle size, high surface area, pore structure, and crystal phase composition. The addition of Fe3O4 has the potential to enhance electron transfer, suppress recombination, and facilitate catalyst separation through its magnetic properties. The microemulsion method plays a direct role in controlling the structure and characteristics of the material, which leads to improved photocatalytic performance of Fe3O4/TiO2 in the degradation of methylene blue.
Copyright (c) 2026 Progressive Physics Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pemodelan Perlapisan Bawah Permukaan Manifestasi Semburan Gas Biogenik di Kampung Holtekamp Jayapura Menggunakan Metode Elektromagnetik Pasif
Natural gas is a natural resource abundant in Indonesia. This abundance of natural gas potential makes Indonesia one of the world's natural gas producers. Papua is one of the regions in Indonesia with large potential natural gas reserves, including in the Jayapura area. The existence of biogenic gas potential in the Jayapura City area is indicated by the biogenic gas eruption that emerged during the drilling process of a well by residents of Holtekamp Village, Muara Tami District, Jayapura City. This gas eruption incident caused unrest among residents. The gas eruption that appeared in the Holtekamp Village area is not the first in the Muara Tami District area but has also been found in West Koya. In relation to this, geophysical research was conducted using a passive electromagnetic survey method. This method is used to determine the condition of the subsurface structure locally. Based on the results of the electromagnetic modeling method, the results showed that the condition of the subsurface layer structure at the location of the natural gas well eruption manifestation is a layer of coastal sediment and swamp areas that have several layers of aquifers, aquitards, and aquicludes. The identified aquifer layers consist of an unconfined aquifer layer near the surface; A confined aquifer containing a gas trap, and a leaky aquifer that allows natural gas to migrate from deeper to shallower aquifers. The leaky aquifer is supported by the identification of an aquitard capable of transmitting fluid migration. In the gas trap area, an aquiclude layer, a wet clay layer (claycap), was identified at a depth of 27.5-28 meters. This claycap layer traps the pressurized gas at that location.
Analisis Geospasial Berbasis Pemodelan Geofisika: Kuantifikasi Disparitas Distribusi Fasilitas Pendidikan Menggunakan metode NNA dan Buffer Di Kecamatan Samarinda Ulu
Spatial inequality in educational access represents a critical issue that requires an objective and measurable geophysical approach. This study applies geophysical modeling through the Nearest Neighbor Analysis (NNA) and Buffer methods based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to analyze the spatial distribution patterns of educational facilities in Samarinda Ulu District, Samarinda City. Spatial data from 66 educational institutions (33 elementary schools, 17 junior high schools, and 15 senior high/vocational schools) serving 21,349 students were analyzed using ArcGIS version 10.8. The NNA technique considered parameters such as inter-location distance, facility point density, and administrative area size. The quantitative analysis revealed a spatial significant clustered pattern (NNA index < 1.0), indicating a non-uniform spatial concentration of educational facilities. The Buffer analysis further identified disparities in Air Hitam and Bukit Pinang subdistricts. Geospatial analysis delineated two contrasting zones: a high-access zone in Air Putih (30,249 residents) and Gunung Kelua (13,630 residents) with an educational facility density 2.3 times higher than the low-access zone in Bukit Pinang (12,160 residents). This spatial disparity creates an average travel distance gap of 3.2 km for students in underserved areas, affecting both accessibility and educational equity. The findings provide empirical, geophysics-based evidence of unequal educational facility distribution, serving as a foundation for optimizing educational infrastructure planning. The resulting spatial model recommends the addition of new school units in deficit zones, prioritizing development along the Bukit Pinang–Dadi Mulya corridor to achieve a more balanced distribution. This research contributes to the advancement of applied geophysical methodologies for urban planning and may serve as a policy reference for local governments to promote equitable educational access based on quantitative spatial analys
Structural Modeling and XRD Analysis of (PVA:LiOH)–Fe₃O₄ Composite Electrolyte for Supercapacitor Applications
The development of supercapacitors requires electrolyte membranes with high ionic conductivity and magnetic properties to enhance energy storage performance. This study aims to visualize the crystal structure and simulate the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the (PVA:LiOH)–Fe₃O₄ composite electrolyte membrane using the VESTA software as the basis for analyzing its potential application in magnetic supercapacitors. The material was synthesized through the sol–gel method, with PVA serving as the polymer matrix, LiOH as the lithium ion source, and Fe₃O₄ as the magnetic filler. Crystal structure characterization was performed using XRD measurements, followed by modeling of the Fe₃O₄ and LiOH crystalline phases based on reference CIF data, while PVA was represented as an amorphous matrix. The simulated multiphase XRD pattern was validated against experimental data to confirm the agreement between diffraction peaks and crystal phases. The three-dimensional supercell visualization revealed the spatial distribution of Fe₃O₄ and LiOH particles within the polymer matrix. Electrical measurements demonstrated an increase in ionic conductivity from the order of 10⁻⁴ S/cm in PVA:LiOH membranes to 10⁻³ S/cm after Fe₃O₄ incorporation. This enhancement is attributed to the formation of more efficient ion transport pathways resulting from the interaction between the magnetic filler and the polymer matrix. The simulated XRD results reinforce the correlation between crystal structure, phase distribution, and ionic conductivity performance. These findings suggest that the (PVA:LiOH)–Fe₃O₄ composite possesses strong potential as an electrolyte membrane for magnetic supercapacitors, opening opportunities for developing materials with combined electrochemical and magnetic properties to improve energy storage efficiency.
Studi Komparatif Respons Energi dan Sensitivitas TLD-100 dan TLD-100H pada Radiasi Foton LINAC 6 MV
Accurate radiation dose measurement is essential in radiotherapy dosimetry, particularly for treatments delivered using 6 MV photon beams from a Linear Accelerator (LINAC). Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) are extensively used in clinical practice due to their small dimensions, near tissue-equivalent response, and reliable dosimetric performance. Among these, TLD-100 (LiF:Mg,Ti) has long been established as a reference dosimeter, while TLD-100H (LiF:Mg,Cu,P) has been developed to provide enhanced sensitivity. This study presents a comparative evaluation of the energy response and sensitivity of TLD-100 and TLD-100H under 6 MV LINAC photon irradiation, based on a critical review of previous experimental, Monte Carlo, and clinical studies. The reviewed results indicate that TLD-100 exhibits a stable energy response with relatively low energy dependence in high-energy photon beams, supporting its suitability for clinical dose verification. In contrast, TLD-100H demonstrates markedly higher sensitivity, making it particularly advantageous for low-dose and scattered radiation measurements, albeit with increased susceptibility to variations in irradiation conditions and calibration procedures. These findings highlight that the choice of thermoluminescent dosimeter in radiotherapy should be guided by the intended dosimetric application, with careful consideration of the balance between energy response stability and sensitivity.
Analisis Perbandingan Detektor Geiger Muller dan Scintillation dalam Aplikasi Klinik dan Proteksi Radiasi di Rumah Sakit
The use of ionizing radiation in medical procedures requires accurate and reliable monitoring to ensure the safety of healthcare workers and patients. Radiation detectors such as Geiger–Müller (GM) and scintillation detectors are widely utilized in hospitals, yet they differ significantly in their working principles, sensitivity, and suitability for clinical and protection purposes. This study aims to compare the performance of GM and scintillation detectors through a literature review approach. Articles were collected from Google Scholar using keywords related to GM detectors, scintillation detectors, clinical applications, and radiation protection. Selected studies were examined based on operational mechanisms, sensitivity, dose-rate range, energy discrimination capability, and practical use in hospital settings. The analysis shows that GM detectors operate through gas ionization and produce pulses of uniform amplitude, enabling only the counting of radiation events without providing energy information. These characteristics make GM detectors more appropriate for environmental surveillance, background monitoring, and high-dose alert systems due to their wide measurement range and stable response. In contrast, scintillation detectors such as NaI(Tl) generate light output proportional to the absorbed energy, allowing spectral analysis, radionuclide identification, and more accurate dose assessment. Their high sensitivity and superior energy resolution make them more suitable for clinical tasks, including gamma spectroscopy, nuclear medicine imaging, radiotherapy dose verification, and beam quality assessment. Overall, GM detectors are advantageous for routine radiation protection monitoring, while scintillation detectors are preferred for clinical applications requiring precise measurement and energy characterization.
Analisis Penggunaan Surveymeter Ionization Chamber dalam Pengukuran Kebocoran dan Paparan Radiasi di Rumah Sakit
Radiation safety is an essential aspect of hospital operations that utilize ionizing radiation sources; therefore, continuous monitoring of radiation exposure and leakage is required to protect radiation workers, patients, and the surrounding community. Uncontrolled radiation exposure may pose health risks, highlighting the need for reliable and accurate measurement instruments. This study employs a systematic literature review of 17 scientific articles published between 2021 and 2025 to analyze the effectiveness of ionization chamber–based survey meters in measuring radiation leakage and exposure in hospital environments. The reviewed studies utilized ionization chamber survey meters to evaluate environmental radiation dose rates, occupational exposure of radiation workers, and radiation leakage from medical equipment across various clinical modalities. Several types of ionization chambers were reported, including pressurized ionization chamber survey meters and Farmer ionization chambers. The results indicate that ionization chamber–based survey meters exhibit high measurement accuracy and stability and are capable of consistently detecting radiation exposure and leakage under diverse clinical conditions. The measured radiation exposure and leakage values were generally below the dose limit values established by radiation safety regulations. Therefore, ionization chamber survey meters are effective instruments for supporting environmental dose control, the implementation of the ALARA principle, and the fulfillment of radiation safety standards in hospitals.
Application of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) for the Numerical Solution of the Time-Independent Schrödinger Equation
This work investigates the application of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) for numerical solutions to the time-independent Schrödinger equation of the quantum harmonic oscillator in one, two, and three spatial dimensions. Fully connected neural architectures are constructed to approximate wavefunctions over finite symmetric domains, while the corresponding energy eigenvalues are treated as trainable parameters. The training strategy utilizes randomly sampled interior points to enforce the Schrödinger operator residual and boundary points to impose vanishing wavefunction constraints. For the 1D quantum harmonic oscillator, the learned ground-state wavefunction yields an energy of E = 1.2939 after 12,000 iterations. In the 2D configuration, convergence is achieved at E = 2.1352 within 14,000 iterations, whereas the 3D model attains E = 2.6377 after 12,000 iterations. These values agree with the expected trend of increasing ground-state energy with dimensionality, although deviations from exact analytical values indicate that PINNs may experience optimization challenges and sensitivity to sampling density and boundary enforcement. Despite these limitations, the trained models successfully capture the characteristic spatial symmetries and Gaussian-like envelope of harmonic oscillator eigenstates across all dimensions. These findings demonstrate that PINNs offer a flexible, mesh-free alternative for solving stationary quantum systems, particularly when analytical or conventional numerical approaches become impractical. The method shows strong potential for higher-dimensional quantum applications, even though further refinement such as improved sampling, loss balancing, and network depth remains necessary to suppress residual error and enhance eigenvalue accuracy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Progressive Physics Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Variasi Surfaktan terhadap Struktur, Morfologi, dan Aktivitas Katalitik TiO₂ Mesopori yang Disintesis dengan Metode Kopresipitasi
This study examines the effect of different surfactants: Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB), Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide (DDAB), and Methyltrioctylammonium Bromide (MTAB) on the synthesis of mesoporous TiO2 using the co-precipitation method. Characterization was performed using Raman Spectroscopy, BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) surface area measurement, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. The results indicate that the highest surface area was achieved by CTAB 98.32 m2/g, while MTAB yielded the greatest pore volume 0.2517 cc/g and the largest average pore diameter 10.498 nm. Furthermore, a simple catalytic activity test was performed through the degradation of methylene blue under UV irradiation, which showed that the TiO2–MTAB sample had the highest degradation rate of 0.032 min-1. This indicates a positive correlation between pore size and photocatalytic efficiency.
Identifikasi Ketebalan Tanah Gambut Menggunakan Metode Geolistrik Resistivitas Konfigurasi Wenner
Peat soils are organic deposits that have a high carbon content. West Kalimantan is the second largest province in Kalimantan with a total peat ecosystem of around 1,729,980 Ha. In 2018, it was recorded that the peat area in West Kalimantan Province was 1,543,752 Ha. Its utilization in this province has increased every year although it has not yet reached a large area. Identification of peat thickness can be done with the resistivity geoelectric method. In this study, subsurface modeling was carried out using the Wenner configuration to determine the thickness of the peat layer. The modeling results are in the area of Perdana Street, Bansir Darat Village, Southeast Pontianak. The depth of the peat layer in the research area was found at a depth of 1.30 m to reach more than 5.5 m with a range of peat layer resistivity values obtained in the range of 131 Ωm - 267 Ωm. The clay layer is found at a depth of 1.31m - 8m. with a resistivity value range of 1.80 Ωm - 131 Ωm.
Identifikasi Struktur Bawah Permukaan Daerah Potensi Panas Bumi Di Daerah Tulehu Menggunakan Metode Gravitasi
Indonesia has great geothermal potential, Indonesia is located in the path of volcanoes or the ring of fire can also be called the ring of fire. Maluku Province, especially the Ambon and Seram islands, has geothermal energy potential that can be developed as an alternative renewable source. One of the geothermal potentials located in the Maluku islands is WKP Tulehu which has a fairly high temperature reaching 134.09°C–251°C. One method that can be used to identify the subsurface layer of geothermal areas is the gravity method using GGMPlus gravity data. The 2013 Global Gravity Model Plus (GGMPlus) secondary gravity data is a global gravity model data that has ultra–high resolution with grid spacing between data points ~220 m in the north–south direction. The results of the identification of geological structures using gravity methods using regional anomaly values with a range of 80.7–101.3 mgal. The depth of the regional anomaly in the study area is estimated to be 1.862 km deep. There are 7 faults found in the 4 research cross sections. These faults are located in cross section A–A' at a distance of 8.30 km, cross section B–B' at a distance of 1.9 km and 5.1 km, cross section C–C' at a distance of 2.450 km and at a distance of 11.6 km, and cross section D–D' 2.248 km and 4.5 km.
Studi Literatur Terkait Tantangan Biofisika Di Masa Depan Dalam Bidang Kedokteran Dan Teknologi Kesehatan
Biophysics is an interdisciplinary branch of science that integrates the principles of physics in studying biological systems, and has become an important foundation in the development of modern medical technology. Its applications cover a wide range of fields, from medical imaging, radiation therapy, biological systems modeling, to high-precision biomolecular technology. As the complexity of the global health system increases, the demands for efficiency, accuracy, and personalization of medical services are increasing. In this context, the role of biophysics is becoming increasingly important, while facing complex and multidimensional challenges. This literature study aims to identify and examine the main challenges faced by biophysics in its contribution to the future of medicine and health technology. Through a review of various recent scientific publications, it was found that these challenges include: the need for multi-scale biological data integration, both at the molecular, cellular, and organ levels, the development of theoretical models and physical simulations that are able to accurately represent the dynamics of biological systems, the limitations of real-time non-invasive diagnostic and treatment technologies, and ethical, safety, and regulatory issues in the implementation of biophysical technology in clinical practice.In addition, there are still gaps in cross-disciplinary collaboration, both between physicists, biologists, and medical personnel, as well as in educational contexts that do not fully support the integration of biophysics into the medical curriculum. This study concludes that collaborative and holistic strategic research, increasing scientific literacy in biophysics, and innovative regulatory and policy support are key to addressing these challenges and ensuring that biophysics can continue to be a driving force for innovation in future healthcare systems.
Analisis Struktur Bawah Permukaan Daerah Panas Bumi Pacitan Berdasarkan Data Gravitasi GGMPlus
This study aims to identify the subsurface structure of the geothermal system in the Pacitan area, East Java, using gravity methods based on GGMPlus data. The analysis procedures include terrain correction to obtain the Complete Bouguer Anomaly (CBA), separation of regional and local anomalies through upward continuation, as well as two-dimensional (2D) modeling and Second Vertical Derivative (SVD) analysis to identify fault structure. The CBA values in the study area range from 107 to 115.5 mGal, where high anomalies correlate with volcanic breccia rocks and highlands, while low anomalies indicate the presence of sandstone in lowland areas. Geothermal manifestations in the form of hot springs exhibit gravity anomalies of approximately 110.5–111.5 mGal and are situated in the north of the fault in a northwest–southeast direction. The 2D modeling results reveal the presence of reservoir rocks consisting of sandstone and clay with densities ranging from 1.79 to 2.20 g/cm³, and lava rocks with densities of 2.80–2.90 g/cm³ acting as cap rocks. SVD analysis indicates the existence of a normal fault directly associated with geothermal fluid pathways. This study demonstrates that the GGMPlus gravity method is effective for preliminary exploration of geothermal systems in potential areas such as Pacitan.
Asesmen Potensi Energi Angin Menggunakan Metode Weibull dalam Perencanaan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Bayu di Kabupaten Gorontalo, Provinsi Gorontalo
This study presents a rigorous assessment of wind energy potential in Gorontalo Regency, Indonesia, through statistical modeling utilizing the two-parameter Weibull distribution applied to hourly wind speed data from 2022 to 2024 across three geographic zones and three elevation levels (50 m, 80 m, 100 m). The model exhibited strong statistical agreement with observed data, evidenced by high variation (R² > 0.9869) and low RMSE values (< 0.011), confirming its robustness in capturing wind behavior. Mean wind speeds, along with key Weibull-derived metrics—most probable wind speed (vmp) and wind speed for maximum energy contribution (vme)—showed a positive correlation with altitude, where zone 1 recorded the highest vme at 7.45 m/s at 100 m. Derived power density values indicated that Zones 1 and 3 fall within the "acceptable" classification (130.52 W/m² and 115.58 W/m², respectively), validating their technical viability. Simulated performance of the Goldwind GW 140/3.4 wind turbine revealed that Zone 1 yielded the highest annual energy output (Eout) of 10.34 GWh with a corresponding capacity factor (Cf) of 11.56%, followed by zones 3 and 2, which, while exhibiting lower outputs, maintained operational feasibility for decentralized small-to-medium scale deployment. Wind rose analysis confirmed predominant southeast and southern wind flows across all zones, offering critical input for optimizing turbine orientation. Collectively, the findings substantiate that zones 1 and 3 present favorable wind regimes for sustainable wind energy development, offering a data-driven foundation for future investment and regional energy planning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Progressive Physics Journal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Preliminary Investigation of pH-Dependent Optical Properties of Curcumin-Derived Carbon Dots
Carbon dots (CDs) are photoluminescent nanoparticles smaller than 10 nm with excellent optical properties, including high photostability, UV and visible light absorption, water solubility, low toxicity, and good biocompatibility. These features make them attractive for biomedical, optoelectronic, and catalytic applications. Curcumin, a polyphenol from turmeric, possesses anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, and antiviral properties, but its poor water solubility limits its biomedical use. In this study, CDs were synthesized from curcumin and urea via a solvothermal method at 140 °C for 180 minutes to improve curcumin's solubility. The effect of pH on the optical properties of CDs was investigated by adjusting acidity with citric acid and alkalinity with NaOH. UV-Vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy revealed that the optical properties of CDs are strongly influenced by pH, likely due to the presence of keto-enol tautomerism in curcumin. The pH sensitivity of these curcumin-derived CDs highlights their potential for biomedical applications such as photothermal therapy, bioimaging, drug delivery, and antiviral agents.
A Analisis Dosis Paparan Radiasi Sekitar Ruang Pemeriksaan CT-Scan
This thesis focuses on the analysis of radiation exposure around the CT-Scan room of Radiology Installation of Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda Hospital. This study aims to determine the level of radiation exposure in the surrounding area and evaluate the level of exposure according to BAPETEN's safe limits. In addition, this thesis tries to identify areas with radiation potential that exceeds the safe limit and find out the cause. The research method includes data collection by direct measurement using a surveymeter. The results obtained show significant variations in exposure levels at each location. In the operator's room, the dose rate of 1.62 mSv/h exceeded the permissible limit for radiation workers, which was likely due to proximity to radiation sources and suboptimal protection. In the ultrasound room, the dose rate was 0.497 mSv/hour. This value is still below the controlled area limit but above the public safety limit of 0.1 mSv/hour. In the hallway, the measured dose rate was 0.462 mSv/hr which also exceeded the public limit, requiring access restrictions for the public. The garden area showed a dose rate of 0.604 mSv/hour, with high exposure for areas that may be accessed by the public. Therefore, practical recommendations include the addition of shielding, access restrictions, and installation of warning signs to reduce exposure in areas frequently accessed by the public.
Tinjauan Struktur Dan Karakter Mineral Padatan Dengan Menggunakan Metode X-Ray Diffraction (XRD): Review Singkat
Indonesia is rich in various types of rocks, including igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Igneous and metamorphic rocks are commonly found in several regions of Indonesia, making the mineral resources of these rocks have significant potential in the country. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique has advanced greatly in material characterization. The purpose of this research is to review various studies that discuss mineral characterization of rocks using XRD, as well as to examine different sample preparation methods, interpretation of XRD diffraction patterns, and how this technique is used to determine the mineral composition and crystallographic properties of materials in various types. The research methods used are highly varied for material processing, such as calcination, magnetic separation, slow evaporation, and grinding. The data variables obtained from this study include minerals, sample collection methods, structure, diffraction angles, composition, and their applications.
Identifikasi Struktur Bawah Permukaan Area Tempuran, Magelang, Jawa Tengah dengan Metode Gravitasi GGMplus
This research was conducted in the Tempuran geothermal manifestation area, Magelang, Central Java, specifically in a location with indications of fault structure. The study aims to identify the subsurface structural conditions associated with the fault through the distribution pattern of gravity anomalies. This research used gravity method, with the data are gravity disturbance from GGMplus with a resolution of approximately 220 meters. The gravity disturbance data were processed to obtain Complete Bouguer Anomaly (CBA) data, which were then subjected to upward continuation and forward modeling. The CBA results reveal a high anomaly in the southern part of the study area, extending southwestward, which correlates with the Menoreh Mountains. A low anomaly is found in the northeastern part of the area, corresponding to a lowland region. The 2D modeling results indicate that the study area is composed of rocks with densities ranging from 1.00 g/cm³ to 1.60 g/cm³, interpreted as alluvium; 1.75 g/cm³ to 2.73 g/cm³, interpreted as the Kebobutak Formation; and 2.50 g/cm³, interpreted as deposits from the young Sumbing Volcano. Additionally, rocks with densities ranging from 2.40 g/cm³ to 2.77 g/cm³ are interpreted as andesitic intrusions, while rocks with a density of 2.83 g/cm³ are interpreted as dacitic intrusions. The presence of a normal fault is identified within the Kebobutak Formation and the andesitic intrusion, overlain by alluvial deposits.
Bioplastik dari Limbah Pelepah Sawit:Tinjauan Potensi dan Tantangan dalam Pengembangan Material Ramah Lingkungan
Limbah pelepah sawit merupakan produk sampingan dari industri kelapa sawit yang memiliki potensi besar untuk diolah menjadi bioplastik. Bahan ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif plastik ramah lingkungan. Artikel ini menyajikan tinjauan komprehensif mengenai potensi bioplastik berbasis limbah pelepah sawit, termasuk karakteristik fisik, mekanik, dan biodegradabilitasnya. Berbagai metode pengolahan, seperti ekstraksi, modifikasi, dan proses pencampuran dengan polimer lain, dieksplorasi untuk meningkatkan performa bioplastik. Komponen utama dalam pelepah sawit, seperti selulosa, hemiselulosa, dan lignin, berkontribusi terhadap performa material bioplastik. Selain itu, artikel ini membahas tantangan yang dihadapi dalam pengembangan bioplastik. Tantangan utama dalam pengembangan bioplastik ini meliputi biaya produksi yang tinggi, variasi kualitas bahan baku, dan perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut untuk meningkatkan kinerja material dalam aplikasi praktis. Hasil tinjauan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan bagi peneliti dan industri untuk mengeksplorasi lebih lanjut potensi limbah pelepah sawit sebagai sumber bioplastik yang berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan.
Evaluasi Alat Dosimeter untuk Penelitian Radionuklida pada Kedokteran Nuklir
Radionuclides are widely used in nuclear medicine for diagnosis and therapy, but precise measurement of radiation dose is essential to keep patients and medical personnel safe. Dosimeters play a key role in measuring and evaluating radiation dose. This article discusses various types of dosimeters that are often used, such as Thermoluminescent Detectors (TLD), Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimeters (OSLD), and Radiochromic films (Gafchromic EBT3). The discussion covers how each device works, advantages, disadvantages, and performance. The review shows that each dosimeter has certain advantages: TLD is suitable for personal dose measurement, OSLD is effective for monitoring exposure in the work environment, and Gafchromic EBT3 helps visualise dose distribution in radiation therapy. The article also emphasises the need for innovation in dosimetry technology to improve accuracy, efficiency and safety. This review is expected to serve as a guide for researchers and practitioners in choosing the right dosimeter, while encouraging the development of better technologies to support safe and effective nuclear medicine.
In Vivo Dosimetry pada Radioterapi Menggunakan Teknik Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) dan Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT)
Radiation therapy is an effective method for treating cancer by using ionizing radiation to kill cancer cells or treat tumors. In radiation therapy planning, effective techniques are essential to ensure maximum dose to the tumor while protecting surrounding healthy tissue. In vivo dosimetry (IVD) measures the radiation dose received by cancer patients during therapy to ensure accurate delivery. This study reviews prior research comparing various dosimeters used in Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT). The methodology involved a literature review of articles published between 2013 and 2023, focusing on in vivo dosimetry in VMAT and IMRT. The articles were sourced from databases like Google Scholar, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, and PubMed. The findings suggest that dosimeter EPID shows significant effectiveness in detecting and verifying radiation doses in both VMAT and IMRT. Overall, VMAT demonstrates superior accuracy, consistent dose distribution, and better dose limitation to at-risk organs compared to IMRT. This study supports the use of VMAT for enhancing safety and accuracy in radiation therapy, providing a framework for policy improvements in radiotherapy services.
Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) Untuk Pemetaan Tingkat Kerawanan Longsor Di Kota Bandar Lampung
The research entitled "Geographic Information System (GIS) Application for Landslide Prone Level Mapping in Bandar Lampung City" is motivated by data obtained from BPBD in 2018, there are at least 15 sub-districts in Bandar Lampung which are indicated as landslide-prone areas because they have hills and valleys that are quite dangerous. For this reason, it is necessary to create a landslide prone zone map to produce information about the position related to the level of landslide vulnerability in the city of Semarang. This map can be used as a reference material in decision making to prevent landslides in vulnerable areas, thus reducing the number of casualties and material as well as planning in the development of facilities and infrastructure. This research uses remote sensing image data and GIS (Geographic Information System) by weighting the parameters that affect landslide occurrence, namely: slope, land cover, soil type, and rainfall. The result of this research is a landslide vulnerability map divided into 4 vulnerability classes, namely: low, medium, high, and very high. And the information obtained from the 4 factors, the potential for landslides in Bandar Lampung City is divided into 4 characteristics of landslide prone zones, namely low level zones in 7 sub-districts, medium level in 9 sub-districts, high level in 5 sub-districts, and very high level in 7 sub-districts.
Karakterisasi Sifat Absorbansi Material Menggunakan Metode Spektrofotometri Sinar Ultra Violet dan Visible (UV-Vis) Pada Material Organik: Review Singkat
In general, organic materials have been studied to have many benefits. One of the benefits of organic materials is that they can be used as the main ingredient for making sunscreen or sun protection, active ingredients in semiconductors, bioreductors, natural coloring materials and others. The Ultra Violet and Visible Light Spectrophotometry (UV-Vis) technique is a technique that has been widely used in research, especially in knowing the potential utilization of organic materials. The purpose of this research is to review various studies that discuss the characterization of organic materials using the Ultra Violet and Visible Light Spectrophotometry (UV-Vis) method to determine the benefits of organic materials by analyzing absorbance values and wavelengths. The method used was a literature study from October 30, 2024 to December 4, 2024. The variables studied in this research are absorbance properties, wavelength and the benefits of organic materials. The results showed that organic materials such as kalakai sprouts and roots have potential as sunscreen, coffee beans have the highest caffeine content, and breadfruit leaves and moringa leaves function as semiconductor active ingredients. Avocado peels produce high flavonoid levels, and coconut shells are effective as a base material for water filters. Water hyacinth and binahong leaves were used in bioreductors and optical property studies of C-dots, while turmeric, moss, pineapple shells and red cabbage were effective as natural colorants. Chili peppers, cacao pods, kalamansi citrus leaves, and soursop leaves were extracted to determine the levels of active compounds
Pengujian Karakteristik Alat Ukur Radiasi Dose Calibrator Menggunakan Sumber Teknesium-99m di Instalasi Kedokteran Nuklir Rumah Sakit Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda
Dose Calibrator is one of the dosimeters used to measure radionuclide activity before being given to patients. In order to function as a radiation dosimeter, the dose calibrator must have several good dosimeter properties such as precision and stability. To test the dose calibrator, a source used by the hospital is required. One isotope that is widely used in the field of nuclear medicine, namely Tc-99m. The research steps this time are: firstly the elution performed by radiopharmaceuticals, secondly measuring background activity (background), thirdly calling for Tc-99m sources, fourthly measuring Tc-99m activity, fifthly calculating Tc-99m activity for testing precision, and sixth evaluate the results. Based on the research results on the precision test, it was found that the measurement results for the Tc-99m source were obtained at 0.578%. It can be concluded that the Capintec CRC 25R dose calibrator has good characteristics and performance, so that the measurement results can be trusted.
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Hubungan Suhu dan Kelembapan Ruangan Terhadap Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) di UPTD Balai Pengujian dan Sertifikasi Mutu Barang (BPSMB) Samarinda
Samarinda is one of the cities in East Kalimantan, in Samarinda itself there are many office buildings that use AC coolers. One of the office buildings in Samarinda is the Quality Testing and Certification Center of East Kalimantan’s Building (UPTD. Balai Pengujian dan Sertifikasi Mutu Barang Provinsi Kalimantan Timur). Room temperature and humidity greatly affect the level of worker productivity, but not many people understand the existence of sick building syndrome (SBS). The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of employees regarding SBS complaints based on age and length of work and to find out the description of room temperature and humidity at UPTD BPSMB. The type of research used is non-probability sampling with a descriptive approach. The sample in this study were UPTD BPSMB Samarinda employees with a sample size of 20 people. The sampling technique was determined by purposive sampling method. The results of this study showed that the most commonly experienced symptoms were dry skin (50%), drowsiness (40%), dry lips and fatigue (20%), eye irritation, headaches, and difficulty concentrating (15%). From the results of the cross-tabulations that were carried out, it was found that there was no relationship between temperature and SBS, age and SBS, and duration of work with SBS, Still, there was a relationship between humidity and SBS. It is suggested to the UPTD BPSMB to monitor the room at least once a month to see the temperature and humidity conditions of the room so that employees can work comfortably and can increase employee productivity.
Klasifikasi Sel Tumor Payudara Menggunakan Algoritma Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Cancer is a large group of diseases that can begin in almost any organ or tissue of the body when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, beyond their normal limits to invade adjacent parts of the body and/or spread to other organs. There is a lot of information about breast cancer that can be accessed easily. Information about breast cancer can be processed with machine learning. Machine learning can discover new meaningful correlations, patterns and trends by sifting through large amounts of data stored in repositories, using pattern recognition technology and statistical and mathematical techniques. The purpose of this research is to determine the value of the accuracy of the SVM model on training data and testing data; and to determine the precision value of the SVM model on training data and testing data. Wisconsin Breast Cancer (WBC) data available in the UCI Machine Learning Repository. The data have been processed using the Python programming language with a support vector machine (SVM) modeling algorithm. The results of this research indicate that the value of accuracy in training data was equal to , the value of accuracy in testing data was equal to , and the value of precision in the SVM model algorithm was obtained as large as for training data and as large as for data testing.
: Analisis Persebaran Intensintas Penerangan Di Laboratorium Balai Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Samarinda Berdasarkan PERMANKER No. 5 Tahun 2018 Menggunakan Metode Mapping
A light is needed by humans to recognize an object visually. Good lighting allows people to see the objects they are working on clearly and quickly. There is a national standardization that is used as a race for the intensity of lighting that is categorized based on the type of work performed. Therefore, this study aims to determine the level of intensintas lighting in the Laboratory of the Center for Occupational Safety and health (K3) Samarinda based PERMENAKER No. 5 of 2018. In this study using the mapping method used as the determination of the coordinate points and then use the Lux meter EC 1 and Laser Meter Distance for data retrieval illumination. The results obtained the intense level of illumination in the Laboratory of the Center for Occupational Safety and health (K3) Samarinda based on PERMENAKER No. 5 of 2018 (lighting standards according to job classification) the work areas that meet the standards are on the administration workbench, pretreatment table (Room 8), and fume hood laying room (Room 7) while the work areas of the weighing room (Room 1), UV-VIS room (Room 2), Spectrophoto room (Room 3), Natural absorption room (Room 4), and solid chemical room (Room 5) did not meet the standards.
Studi Kualitas Fisis Air Sungai Leang Lonrong Kawasan Karst Pangkep Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung
This research is an experimental research with a survey type aimed to analyse water quality of the Leang Lonrong River reviewed from smell, taste, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), turbidity, temperature, color, clarity, and UV index, as well as to describe community activities as factors that influence the water quality of the Leang Lonrong River in its utilization. This study was carried out in the Region Tour Leang Lonrong in the Panaikang Village, Minasatene District, Pangkep Regency, which is one of part Pangkep Karst Area Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park. In the study, the measurement of water quality for sanitary hygiene needs and public bath reviewed its physical parameters by Regulation Minister Health No. 32 of 2017. Obtained results study that physical parameters water of Leang Lonrong River for sanitary hygiene needs own quality that meets requirement, because the water no smells, no taste, has an average TDS of 6.44 mg/L, an average turbidity of 1.71 NTU, an average temperature of 24.14 °C, and average color 0 TCU. The water of Leang Lonrong River for necessity public bath is no fulfill appropriate water quality standard raw quality. This caused some parameters not to fulfill the standard, namely the parameter of clarity is an average of 0.136 meters deep and UV index parameters more than 3 on at 11:00 a.m and 1:00 p.m in Central Indonesia Time (WITA).
Pengolahan Citra Digital EKG Rumah Sakit Tk.IV Samarinda
In the hospital itself, especially in the MCU Poly Radiology Installation, it is a unit that performs services such as Medical Check Up, making health certificates, and carrying out routine checks at an institution. ECG examination is one of the services most frequently performed routinely by patients. Examinations carried out include medical check-ups, monitoring of long-term therapy, patient to assessment before surgery, individual screening for high-risk jobs, examinations before participating in sporting events, and overall examinations as a condition of employment. This study carried out the process of withdrawing information or object descriptions or identifying objects contained in images by compressing or reducing image data. By using EKG data from TK.IV Samarinda Hospital by carrying out processing stages such as converting analog data to digital, cropping, and applying filters to EKG images. After the filter is applied to the image, it is found that after 5 types of image processing (RGB Image, Grayscale Image, Binary Image, Thresholding Image, and Edge Detection Image) on the results of the ECG signal it can be concluded that the processed signal retains the features of the existing signal and information. . Of the five types of processing methods, the clearest result is conversion to Edge Detection imagery.
Analisis Kerentanan Gedung Menara FMIPA UNM Berdasarkan Pengukuran Mikrotremor Dengan Metode FSR (Floor Spectra Ratio)
Research has been conducted on vulnerability analysis of Gedung Menara FMIPA UNM based on microtremor measurements using the FSR (Floor Spectra Ratio) method. The purpose of this study was to analyze the data from microtremor measurements using the FSR (Floor Spectra Ratio) method so that natural frequency, amplification, and vulnerability values of Gedung Menara FMIPA UNM were obtained. The measurements were made using a set of portable measuring instruments TDL 303 S Seismograph to record vibrations. Measurements were made at 37 points in the building and 3 points in the area around the building. Recording data is processed using Geopsy with FSR method. The results of the study obtained the natural frequency of the Gedung Menara FMIPA UNM for each component was 1.3047 Hz to 2.3823 Hz in the NS component and 1.0556 Hz to 2.4355 Hz in the EW component. The amplification of the Gedung Menara FMIPA UNM for each component is 306.8593 to 2850.7233 in NS components and 360.975 to 4783.54 in EW components. The vulnerability value of the Gedung Menara FMIPA UNM for each component is to in NS component and to in EW component. Gedung Menara FMIPA UNM has complied with SNI 1726-2002. The 12nd floor is the part with the highest building vulnerability.