Progressive Physics Journal is a peer-reviewed, open access journal which publishes original research articles as well as short communication in all areas of physics including applied physics, such as Theoretical Physics, Material Physics, Electronics & Instrumentation, Medical Physics, Computational Physics and Modeling, Geophysics, Oceanography, and other relevant branches of Physics. It is published twice a year, i.e., in June and December. slot slot88 toto togel slot gacor slot gacor
Program Studi Fisika, Jurusan Fisika, FMIPA, Universitas Mulawarman
Asesmen Potensi Energi Angin Menggunakan Metode Weibull dalam Perencanaan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Bayu di Kabupaten Gorontalo, Provinsi Gorontalo
This study presents a rigorous assessment of wind energy potential in Gorontalo Regency, Indonesia, through statistical modeling utilizing the two-parameter Weibull distribution applied to hourly wind speed data from 2022 to 2024 across three geographic zones and three elevation levels (50 m, 80 m, 100 m). The model exhibited strong statistical agreement with observed data, evidenced by high variation (R² > 0.9869) and low RMSE values (< 0.011), confirming its robustness in capturing wind behavior. Mean wind speeds, along with key Weibull-derived metrics—most probable wind speed (vmp) and wind speed for maximum energy contribution (vme)—showed a positive correlation with altitude, where zone 1 recorded the highest vme at 7.45 m/s at 100 m. Derived power density values indicated that Zones 1 and 3 fall within the "acceptable" classification (130.52 W/m² and 115.58 W/m², respectively), validating their technical viability. Simulated performance of the Goldwind GW 140/3.4 wind turbine revealed that Zone 1 yielded the highest annual energy output (Eout) of 10.34 GWh with a corresponding capacity factor (Cf) of 11.56%, followed by zones 3 and 2, which, while exhibiting lower outputs, maintained operational feasibility for decentralized small-to-medium scale deployment. Wind rose analysis confirmed predominant southeast and southern wind flows across all zones, offering critical input for optimizing turbine orientation. Collectively, the findings substantiate that zones 1 and 3 present favorable wind regimes for sustainable wind energy development, offering a data-driven foundation for future investment and regional energy planning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Progressive Physics Journal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Preliminary Investigation of pH-Dependent Optical Properties of Curcumin-Derived Carbon Dots
Carbon dots (CDs) are photoluminescent nanoparticles smaller than 10 nm with excellent optical properties, including high photostability, UV and visible light absorption, water solubility, low toxicity, and good biocompatibility. These features make them attractive for biomedical, optoelectronic, and catalytic applications. Curcumin, a polyphenol from turmeric, possesses anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, and antiviral properties, but its poor water solubility limits its biomedical use. In this study, CDs were synthesized from curcumin and urea via a solvothermal method at 140 °C for 180 minutes to improve curcumin's solubility. The effect of pH on the optical properties of CDs was investigated by adjusting acidity with citric acid and alkalinity with NaOH. UV-Vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy revealed that the optical properties of CDs are strongly influenced by pH, likely due to the presence of keto-enol tautomerism in curcumin. The pH sensitivity of these curcumin-derived CDs highlights their potential for biomedical applications such as photothermal therapy, bioimaging, drug delivery, and antiviral agents.
A Analisis Dosis Paparan Radiasi Sekitar Ruang Pemeriksaan CT-Scan
This thesis focuses on the analysis of radiation exposure around the CT-Scan room of Radiology Installation of Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda Hospital. This study aims to determine the level of radiation exposure in the surrounding area and evaluate the level of exposure according to BAPETEN's safe limits. In addition, this thesis tries to identify areas with radiation potential that exceeds the safe limit and find out the cause. The research method includes data collection by direct measurement using a surveymeter. The results obtained show significant variations in exposure levels at each location. In the operator's room, the dose rate of 1.62 mSv/h exceeded the permissible limit for radiation workers, which was likely due to proximity to radiation sources and suboptimal protection. In the ultrasound room, the dose rate was 0.497 mSv/hour. This value is still below the controlled area limit but above the public safety limit of 0.1 mSv/hour. In the hallway, the measured dose rate was 0.462 mSv/hr which also exceeded the public limit, requiring access restrictions for the public. The garden area showed a dose rate of 0.604 mSv/hour, with high exposure for areas that may be accessed by the public. Therefore, practical recommendations include the addition of shielding, access restrictions, and installation of warning signs to reduce exposure in areas frequently accessed by the public.
Tinjauan Struktur Dan Karakter Mineral Padatan Dengan Menggunakan Metode X-Ray Diffraction (XRD): Review Singkat
Indonesia is rich in various types of rocks, including igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Igneous and metamorphic rocks are commonly found in several regions of Indonesia, making the mineral resources of these rocks have significant potential in the country. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique has advanced greatly in material characterization. The purpose of this research is to review various studies that discuss mineral characterization of rocks using XRD, as well as to examine different sample preparation methods, interpretation of XRD diffraction patterns, and how this technique is used to determine the mineral composition and crystallographic properties of materials in various types. The research methods used are highly varied for material processing, such as calcination, magnetic separation, slow evaporation, and grinding. The data variables obtained from this study include minerals, sample collection methods, structure, diffraction angles, composition, and their applications.
Bioplastik dari Limbah Pelepah Sawit:Tinjauan Potensi dan Tantangan dalam Pengembangan Material Ramah Lingkungan
Limbah pelepah sawit merupakan produk sampingan dari industri kelapa sawit yang memiliki potensi besar untuk diolah menjadi bioplastik. Bahan ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif plastik ramah lingkungan. Artikel ini menyajikan tinjauan komprehensif mengenai potensi bioplastik berbasis limbah pelepah sawit, termasuk karakteristik fisik, mekanik, dan biodegradabilitasnya. Berbagai metode pengolahan, seperti ekstraksi, modifikasi, dan proses pencampuran dengan polimer lain, dieksplorasi untuk meningkatkan performa bioplastik. Komponen utama dalam pelepah sawit, seperti selulosa, hemiselulosa, dan lignin, berkontribusi terhadap performa material bioplastik. Selain itu, artikel ini membahas tantangan yang dihadapi dalam pengembangan bioplastik. Tantangan utama dalam pengembangan bioplastik ini meliputi biaya produksi yang tinggi, variasi kualitas bahan baku, dan perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut untuk meningkatkan kinerja material dalam aplikasi praktis. Hasil tinjauan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan bagi peneliti dan industri untuk mengeksplorasi lebih lanjut potensi limbah pelepah sawit sebagai sumber bioplastik yang berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan.
Evaluasi Alat Dosimeter untuk Penelitian Radionuklida pada Kedokteran Nuklir
Radionuclides are widely used in nuclear medicine for diagnosis and therapy, but precise measurement of radiation dose is essential to keep patients and medical personnel safe. Dosimeters play a key role in measuring and evaluating radiation dose. This article discusses various types of dosimeters that are often used, such as Thermoluminescent Detectors (TLD), Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimeters (OSLD), and Radiochromic films (Gafchromic EBT3). The discussion covers how each device works, advantages, disadvantages, and performance. The review shows that each dosimeter has certain advantages: TLD is suitable for personal dose measurement, OSLD is effective for monitoring exposure in the work environment, and Gafchromic EBT3 helps visualise dose distribution in radiation therapy. The article also emphasises the need for innovation in dosimetry technology to improve accuracy, efficiency and safety. This review is expected to serve as a guide for researchers and practitioners in choosing the right dosimeter, while encouraging the development of better technologies to support safe and effective nuclear medicine.
In Vivo Dosimetry pada Radioterapi Menggunakan Teknik Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) dan Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT)
Radiation therapy is an effective method for treating cancer by using ionizing radiation to kill cancer cells or treat tumors. In radiation therapy planning, effective techniques are essential to ensure maximum dose to the tumor while protecting surrounding healthy tissue. In vivo dosimetry (IVD) measures the radiation dose received by cancer patients during therapy to ensure accurate delivery. This study reviews prior research comparing various dosimeters used in Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT). The methodology involved a literature review of articles published between 2013 and 2023, focusing on in vivo dosimetry in VMAT and IMRT. The articles were sourced from databases like Google Scholar, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, and PubMed. The findings suggest that dosimeter EPID shows significant effectiveness in detecting and verifying radiation doses in both VMAT and IMRT. Overall, VMAT demonstrates superior accuracy, consistent dose distribution, and better dose limitation to at-risk organs compared to IMRT. This study supports the use of VMAT for enhancing safety and accuracy in radiation therapy, providing a framework for policy improvements in radiotherapy services.
Karakterisasi Sifat Absorbansi Material Menggunakan Metode Spektrofotometri Sinar Ultra Violet dan Visible (UV-Vis) Pada Material Organik: Review Singkat
In general, organic materials have been studied to have many benefits. One of the benefits of organic materials is that they can be used as the main ingredient for making sunscreen or sun protection, active ingredients in semiconductors, bioreductors, natural coloring materials and others. The Ultra Violet and Visible Light Spectrophotometry (UV-Vis) technique is a technique that has been widely used in research, especially in knowing the potential utilization of organic materials. The purpose of this research is to review various studies that discuss the characterization of organic materials using the Ultra Violet and Visible Light Spectrophotometry (UV-Vis) method to determine the benefits of organic materials by analyzing absorbance values and wavelengths. The method used was a literature study from October 30, 2024 to December 4, 2024. The variables studied in this research are absorbance properties, wavelength and the benefits of organic materials. The results showed that organic materials such as kalakai sprouts and roots have potential as sunscreen, coffee beans have the highest caffeine content, and breadfruit leaves and moringa leaves function as semiconductor active ingredients. Avocado peels produce high flavonoid levels, and coconut shells are effective as a base material for water filters. Water hyacinth and binahong leaves were used in bioreductors and optical property studies of C-dots, while turmeric, moss, pineapple shells and red cabbage were effective as natural colorants. Chili peppers, cacao pods, kalamansi citrus leaves, and soursop leaves were extracted to determine the levels of active compounds
Studi Kualitas Fisis Air Sungai Leang Lonrong Kawasan Karst Pangkep Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung
This research is an experimental research with a survey type aimed to analyse water quality of the Leang Lonrong River reviewed from smell, taste, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), turbidity, temperature, color, clarity, and UV index, as well as to describe community activities as factors that influence the water quality of the Leang Lonrong River in its utilization. This study was carried out in the Region Tour Leang Lonrong in the Panaikang Village, Minasatene District, Pangkep Regency, which is one of part Pangkep Karst Area Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park. In the study, the measurement of water quality for sanitary hygiene needs and public bath reviewed its physical parameters by Regulation Minister Health No. 32 of 2017. Obtained results study that physical parameters water of Leang Lonrong River for sanitary hygiene needs own quality that meets requirement, because the water no smells, no taste, has an average TDS of 6.44 mg/L, an average turbidity of 1.71 NTU, an average temperature of 24.14 °C, and average color 0 TCU. The water of Leang Lonrong River for necessity public bath is no fulfill appropriate water quality standard raw quality. This caused some parameters not to fulfill the standard, namely the parameter of clarity is an average of 0.136 meters deep and UV index parameters more than 3 on at 11:00 a.m and 1:00 p.m in Central Indonesia Time (WITA).
Copyright (c) 2024 Progressive Physics Journal
Pengolahan Citra Digital EKG Rumah Sakit Tk.IV Samarinda
In the hospital itself, especially in the MCU Poly Radiology Installation, it is a unit that performs services such as Medical Check Up, making health certificates, and carrying out routine checks at an institution. ECG examination is one of the services most frequently performed routinely by patients. Examinations carried out include medical check-ups, monitoring of long-term therapy, patient to assessment before surgery, individual screening for high-risk jobs, examinations before participating in sporting events, and overall examinations as a condition of employment. This study carried out the process of withdrawing information or object descriptions or identifying objects contained in images by compressing or reducing image data. By using EKG data from TK.IV Samarinda Hospital by carrying out processing stages such as converting analog data to digital, cropping, and applying filters to EKG images. After the filter is applied to the image, it is found that after 5 types of image processing (RGB Image, Grayscale Image, Binary Image, Thresholding Image, and Edge Detection Image) on the results of the ECG signal it can be concluded that the processed signal retains the features of the existing signal and information. . Of the five types of processing methods, the clearest result is conversion to Edge Detection imagery.
Pengujian Karakteristik Alat Ukur Radiasi Dose Calibrator Menggunakan Sumber Teknesium-99m di Instalasi Kedokteran Nuklir Rumah Sakit Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda
Dose Calibrator is one of the dosimeters used to measure radionuclide activity before being given to patients. In order to function as a radiation dosimeter, the dose calibrator must have several good dosimeter properties such as precision and stability. To test the dose calibrator, a source used by the hospital is required. One isotope that is widely used in the field of nuclear medicine, namely Tc-99m. The research steps this time are: firstly the elution performed by radiopharmaceuticals, secondly measuring background activity (background), thirdly calling for Tc-99m sources, fourthly measuring Tc-99m activity, fifthly calculating Tc-99m activity for testing precision, and sixth evaluate the results. Based on the research results on the precision test, it was found that the measurement results for the Tc-99m source were obtained at 0.578%. It can be concluded that the Capintec CRC 25R dose calibrator has good characteristics and performance, so that the measurement results can be trusted.
Klasifikasi Sel Tumor Payudara Menggunakan Algoritma Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Cancer is a large group of diseases that can begin in almost any organ or tissue of the body when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, beyond their normal limits to invade adjacent parts of the body and/or spread to other organs. There is a lot of information about breast cancer that can be accessed easily. Information about breast cancer can be processed with machine learning. Machine learning can discover new meaningful correlations, patterns and trends by sifting through large amounts of data stored in repositories, using pattern recognition technology and statistical and mathematical techniques. The purpose of this research is to determine the value of the accuracy of the SVM model on training data and testing data; and to determine the precision value of the SVM model on training data and testing data. Wisconsin Breast Cancer (WBC) data available in the UCI Machine Learning Repository. The data have been processed using the Python programming language with a support vector machine (SVM) modeling algorithm. The results of this research indicate that the value of accuracy in training data was equal to , the value of accuracy in testing data was equal to , and the value of precision in the SVM model algorithm was obtained as large as for training data and as large as for data testing.
: Analisis Persebaran Intensintas Penerangan Di Laboratorium Balai Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Samarinda Berdasarkan PERMANKER No. 5 Tahun 2018 Menggunakan Metode Mapping
A light is needed by humans to recognize an object visually. Good lighting allows people to see the objects they are working on clearly and quickly. There is a national standardization that is used as a race for the intensity of lighting that is categorized based on the type of work performed. Therefore, this study aims to determine the level of intensintas lighting in the Laboratory of the Center for Occupational Safety and health (K3) Samarinda based PERMENAKER No. 5 of 2018. In this study using the mapping method used as the determination of the coordinate points and then use the Lux meter EC 1 and Laser Meter Distance for data retrieval illumination. The results obtained the intense level of illumination in the Laboratory of the Center for Occupational Safety and health (K3) Samarinda based on PERMENAKER No. 5 of 2018 (lighting standards according to job classification) the work areas that meet the standards are on the administration workbench, pretreatment table (Room 8), and fume hood laying room (Room 7) while the work areas of the weighing room (Room 1), UV-VIS room (Room 2), Spectrophoto room (Room 3), Natural absorption room (Room 4), and solid chemical room (Room 5) did not meet the standards.
Hubungan Suhu dan Kelembapan Ruangan Terhadap Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) di UPTD Balai Pengujian dan Sertifikasi Mutu Barang (BPSMB) Samarinda
Samarinda is one of the cities in East Kalimantan, in Samarinda itself there are many office buildings that use AC coolers. One of the office buildings in Samarinda is the Quality Testing and Certification Center of East Kalimantan’s Building (UPTD. Balai Pengujian dan Sertifikasi Mutu Barang Provinsi Kalimantan Timur). Room temperature and humidity greatly affect the level of worker productivity, but not many people understand the existence of sick building syndrome (SBS). The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of employees regarding SBS complaints based on age and length of work and to find out the description of room temperature and humidity at UPTD BPSMB. The type of research used is non-probability sampling with a descriptive approach. The sample in this study were UPTD BPSMB Samarinda employees with a sample size of 20 people. The sampling technique was determined by purposive sampling method. The results of this study showed that the most commonly experienced symptoms were dry skin (50%), drowsiness (40%), dry lips and fatigue (20%), eye irritation, headaches, and difficulty concentrating (15%). From the results of the cross-tabulations that were carried out, it was found that there was no relationship between temperature and SBS, age and SBS, and duration of work with SBS, Still, there was a relationship between humidity and SBS. It is suggested to the UPTD BPSMB to monitor the room at least once a month to see the temperature and humidity conditions of the room so that employees can work comfortably and can increase employee productivity.
Analisis Kerentanan Gedung Menara FMIPA UNM Berdasarkan Pengukuran Mikrotremor Dengan Metode FSR (Floor Spectra Ratio)
Research has been conducted on vulnerability analysis of Gedung Menara FMIPA UNM based on microtremor measurements using the FSR (Floor Spectra Ratio) method. The purpose of this study was to analyze the data from microtremor measurements using the FSR (Floor Spectra Ratio) method so that natural frequency, amplification, and vulnerability values of Gedung Menara FMIPA UNM were obtained. The measurements were made using a set of portable measuring instruments TDL 303 S Seismograph to record vibrations. Measurements were made at 37 points in the building and 3 points in the area around the building. Recording data is processed using Geopsy with FSR method. The results of the study obtained the natural frequency of the Gedung Menara FMIPA UNM for each component was 1.3047 Hz to 2.3823 Hz in the NS component and 1.0556 Hz to 2.4355 Hz in the EW component. The amplification of the Gedung Menara FMIPA UNM for each component is 306.8593 to 2850.7233 in NS components and 360.975 to 4783.54 in EW components. The vulnerability value of the Gedung Menara FMIPA UNM for each component is to in NS component and to in EW component. Gedung Menara FMIPA UNM has complied with SNI 1726-2002. The 12nd floor is the part with the highest building vulnerability.
Analisis Pengaruh Curah Hujan terhadap Frekuensi Kejadian Banjir di Kabupaten Kotabaru, Kalimantan Selatan
The accumulation of water on the ground is what causes flooding, whereas rainfall is the amount of rainwater collected in a flat area Rainfall and flooding are two related but distinct concepts. While rainfall refers to the amount of precipitation that falls in a particular area, flooding is the result of excessive water accumulation on the ground. Indonesia can be classified as a country with high rainfall due to its average annual rainfall ranging from 2000 to 3000 millimeters. In cases of heavy rainfall, excessive water discharge can occur. This can result in flooding when the land, rivers, or water reservoirs cannot manage the overflow effectively. Flooding is a common occurrence in Kotabaru Regency located in South Kalimantan, as it is a combination of mountainous regions, coastal areas, land areas, and small islands. The objective of the study is to examine whether flooding is always caused by high rainfall in Kotabaru Regency from January 2018 to December 2022. The correlation analysis is part of the research design, which utilizes secondary data collected and analyzed in Microsoft Excel. The findings suggest that moderate intensity rainfall is responsible for 73.3% of floods that occurred between 2018-2022. Moreover, 26.7% of floods occurred when rainfall is less than 20 mm/day. However, other factors such as monsoons, tropical cyclones, and El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can affect the variability of rainfall and inffluence the occurrence of flood in the area.
Perbandingan Kinerja Dosimeter TLD dan OSL pada Pengukuran Dosis di Radiologi Diagnostik
Radiation dose measurement is crucial for ensuring the safety and optimization of radiology practices. Dose measurement in diagnostic radiology involves a systematic process aimed at accurately quantifying the radiation doses used during radiological procedures, ensuring compliance with safety guidelines. This study aims to evaluate and compare the performance of Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dosimeters and Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLD) in measuring radiation doses during diagnostic radiology procedures. The study utilized a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantom to simulate the human body. Both OSL and TLD dosimeters were employed to measure radiation doses under clinical exposure conditions. The data collected from both dosimeter types were compared to assess their accuracy, efficiency, and effectiveness in different radiological settings. The results show that OSL dosimeters offer higher sensitivity and faster reading times compared to TLDs. OSL dosimeters also demonstrate a higher level of precision, which is crucial for optimizing radiological procedures. While TLDs still provide reliable results, they require more preparation time and a longer reading process. OSL dosimeters are superior to TLDs in terms of efficiency, sensitivity, and speed, making them a preferred choice for radiation dose measurement in diagnostic radiology and contributing to safer and more accurate radiology practices.
Audit Dosimetri pada Teknik IMRT/VMAT Terapi Radiasi pada Linear Accelarator (LINAC)
Dosimetric audit is crucial in ensuring and improving the quality of radiation therapy, particularly in the field of radiotherapy using techniques such as Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT). This study employs a literature review methodology, analyzing and comparing 15 articles based on dosimeters and modalities. The results indicate that various dosimetric audit methods, including the use of glass dosimeters, Gafchromic films, ion chambers, and EPID, provide accurate results in measuring doses for IMRT and VMAT techniques using LINAC. Most studies show good success rates, with dose differences between the dosimeter and the planned dose within the tolerance limits of ±5%. However, some studies also report significant dose variations, especially in organs at risk (OAR) and areas with steep dose gradients. This study highlights that routine dosimetric audits and the use of appropriate detection technologies are essential to improving the precision and safety of radiation therapy for patients.
Aplikasi Klinis AI dalam Treatment Planning Radioterapi untuk Brain Tumor
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as an innovation that plays an important role in radiotherapy, especially in treatment planning. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has great potential to improve the effectiveness and safety of radiotherapy, particularly in treatment planning for brain tumor. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based techniques in MRI imaging for radiotherapy planning is a significant advancement that improves the precision and effectiveness of brain cancer treatment. This review collected and analyzed 15 scientific articles, focusing on treatment planning to be analyzed through narrative synthesis to compare and abstract the results of each study to provide an overview of the contribution of AI in improving radiotherapy accuracy. The analysis showed that AI can improve the accuracy and efficiency of brain radiotherapy treatment planning, especially in the form of automatic segmentation, fMRI and DTI data processing. AI enables improvements in brain cancer treatment by optimizing dose planning and reducing radiation exposure to healthy tissue, contributing to more precise therapy and better patient outcomes.
Penggunaan Dosimeter Film,OSL,Dioda, dan Ion Chamber dalam Verifikasi Dosis pada Teknik Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT)
The Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) technique is an advanced radiotherapy method that allows more optimal radiation dose distribution in a shorter radiation time. Several types of dosimeters that are often used for this verification include film dosimeters, OSL (Optically Stimulated Luminescence), diodes, and ion chambers, each of which has advantages and disadvantages. This review was conducted to compare the use of various dosimeters in dose verification using the VMAT technique, with a focus on the advantages and disadvantages of each tool. This research is based on a literature study of 15 articles. The literature study was carried out for 2 months. The article is limited to a discussion of environmental influences on air quality. The articles used were taken from 2015 to 2023. The results of this study show that although all types of dosimeters have advantages, selecting the right dosimeter is very dependent on the specific needs in dose verification on VMAT. Diodes, ion chambers, OSLs, and films perform well in appropriate application contexts, but each has limitations in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and measurement time. The articles discussed show that OSL and film are more effective in dose measurements in three-dimensional distribution, while diodes and ion chambers are more appropriate for point dose measurements.
Analisis Kualitas Citra Tegangan 48 kV dan 50 kV Pesawat Sinar-X Pada Pasien Covid-19 dengan Menggunakan Software Image-J
The process of analysing the quality of radiographic images produced by X-rays with 48 kV and 50 kV tube voltages in Covid-19 patients using ImageJ software has been carried out. The images analysed are the results of thoracic radiographic examinations using the same electric current strength in Covid-19 patients with 48 kV and 50 kV voltage variations. The image results come from converting the analogue format to digital format for further processing. The analysis method uses the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) method and histogram analysis. Image quality was assessed based on pixel distribution, contrast and SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) parameters. Visualisation of the distribution can be seen based on histogram analysis. In the histogram, the prominent intensity shows the pixel intensity and the peak width shows the contrast range in the image. If the histogram graph is distributed in the minimum area, the image tends to be dark and vice versa, if the histogram graph is more in the maximum area, the image tends to be bright. The results show that the 48 kV voltage has a more even distribution but has low contrast and SNR values compared to the 50 kV voltage. The results of this study provide an overview of the selection of kinetic parameters in patients and optimisation of X-ray technical parameters to obtain maximum image quality in radiographic diagnosis.
Analisis Indeks Resonansi dan Kerentanan Jembatan Rel Kereta Api Maros-Barru Berdasarkan Data Mikrotremor (Studi Kasus Jembatan WTT Maccini Baji)
This research is a quantitative descriptive research that aims to analyze the value of natural frequency and amplification factor, as well as knowing the level of resonance and vulnerability of WTT Maccini Baji Railway Bridge. This research was conducted on the Maros-Barru Railway Line, especially the WTT Maccini Baji Railway Bridge, Lau District, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province. Data collection was carried out at 8 points (4 points on the bridge and 4 points on the ground around the bridge) with two measurement times at each point, day and night. Processing of microtremor data using Geopsy software with the HVSR (Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio) method to obtain HVSR curves that produce natural frequency and amplification values. The results showed natural frequency values ranging from 2,36 – 6,64 Hz and amplification values ranging from 2,67 – 15,92. The resonance index value of the Maccini Baji WTT Bridge obtained ranges from 30,68% – 181,49% and is included in the low resonance classification which indicates the bridge has a solid structure and is safe from potential damage due to resonance. While the seismic vulnerability index is obtained with a value of 2,07 – 77,35 which shows that the high seismic vulnerability classification is more dominant at the point located on the ground.
Sintesis Adsorben Ampas Teh sebagai Penyerap Ion Logam Berat Timbal dalam Air
Heavy metal pollution is still a serious problem today. One method that can be used to remove heavy metal content from water is the adsorption method. In the adsorption method, the choice of adsorbent is very important to optimize the adsorption process. One of the materials that can be used as an adsorbent is tea waste. Tea waste contains cellulose, which can be used to bind heavy metal ions. This research was conducted to synthesize adsorbents using tea waste and then test their ability to adsorb lead ions. The adsorbent synthesis process is divided into several stages, namely washing, drying, refining, soaking in HCl solution, and drying again. The results of the adsorption tests conducted found that the tea waste adsorbent could remove 99% of the lead metal ion content in the water. The conclusion from these results is that the synthesis process has succeeded in making tea waste adsorbent that can adsorb lead ions in water.
Proyeksi Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Sektor Energi Transportasi Kendaraan Dinas Universitas Mulawarman
Research on projections of greenhouse gas emissions has been carried out in the sector of transportation energy for official vehicles in Mulawarman University. The study used secondary data of fuel use of the official vehicles from 2015 until 2019 to determine the greenhouse gas emissions dominated by CO2 , CH 4 dan N2 O. The trend of the obtained greenhous gas emissions was used to predict the greenhouse gas emissions in the range of 2020 and 2030. The projections of CO 2 emissions, CH 4 emissions, and N2 O emissions, in the years, respectively, are 427,281 tons of CO2 -eq, 5,697 tons of CO2 -eq, and 5,228 tons of CO2 -eq. The calculation revealed that in the next eleven years the projection of the greenhous gas emissions due to the use of official vehicle fuel in Mulawarman University will reduce continuously.
Penentuan Nilai Diagnostic Reference Level (DRL) pada Pasien Abdomen menggunakan CT-Scan 128 di Instalasi RSUD A.W. Sjahranie Samarinda
Diagnostic Reference Level (DRL) is a form of investigative level used as a tool to help optimize protection in radiation exposure for diagnostic and interventional procedures. In simple terms, DRL is the amount of dose that is set and becomes a reference in identifying the reception of high radiation doses received by patients for certain types of examinations. DRL aims to optimize the use of radiation in medicine and help avoid overexposure to radiation. The purpose of this study was to determine the local DRL value on the examination of the abdomen at the Radiology Installation of A.W. Sjahranie Hospital Samarinda. Data processing in this study was carried out with quantitative analysis techniques, namely descriptive statistics. This analysis technique used secondary data obtained from the results of recaptures or archival books for examination of the abdomen. Data processing was carried out with a measure of diversity through the calculation of the third quartile (Q3) in the data distribution. It was assumed that 75% of patients performed examinations with a common diagnosis. The results of these calculations are visualized in the form of a graph of the relationship of CTDIvol with the number of patients and a graph of the relationship of DLP with the number of patients. In the abdomen examination, a CTDIvol value of 12 mGy and a DLP value of 1545.5 mGy.cm. The conclusion obtained from this study is the DRL value at A.W. Sjahranie Hospital Samarinda is relatively low, but it still needs to be optimized by medical physicists.
Copyright (c) 2023 Progressive Physics Journal
Rancang Bangun Alat Penghitung Curah Hujan Tipe Tipping Bucket Berbasis Arduino Uno ATmega328p
Rainfall from one area to another varies and can occur at any time. This requires a tool that can monitor the rainfall that occurs. One of the automatic rainfall gauges tipping bucket. This tool will be designed based on Arduino Uno ATmega328P and the results will be compared with manual measuring tools. This study uses a quantitative approach and primary data by designing and manufacturing a rainfall sensor tool the tool is applied to obtain rainfall data which will later be compared with manual rainfall data. Light rainfall simulation measurement data has the highest rainfall value of 10.770 mm. For rainfall simulation measurement data of 26.924 mm and heavy rainfall simulation measurement data of 64.618 mm. Comparison of type rainfall measurement data tipping bucket and manual measuring tools are not much different from the rainfall calculator tipping bucket quite accurate. The design of a tipping bucket type rainfall meter by utilizing the Arduino Uno microcontroller connected to the RTC, I2C LCD and sensor reed switch which reads the movement of the tipping bucket so that the sensor works by detecting a magnet that hits the front of the sensor whose results will be displayed on the LCD. The level of accuracy of the tool is quite accurate and rainfall is directly proportional to time.
Analisis Parameter Fisik Kualitas Air pada Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang (DAMIU) DI Kecamatan Tanjung Redeb
DAMIU (Refill Drinking Water Depot) is an individual or group business that manages refill drinking water for public consumption directly filled on the spot and not in packaged form, this water must meet the standardization of drinking water quality requirements with one of its parameters, namely physical parameters that do not directly related to health, namely temperature, pH, total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity. This research was conducted to determine the quality of refill drinking water in Tanjung Redeb Subdistrict, whether it complies with the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010 concerning drinking water quality requirements and to determine the effect of the duration of water storage on drinking water quality with parameters physical. This research was conducted in Tanjung Redeb District, Berau Regency and was carried out with 2 different water sources, namely drilled wells and PDAM. Water quality is measured using a TDS meter. Based on the research that has been done, the results of measuring the quality of refill drinking water in Tanjung Redeb District, Berau Regency, namely the water quality meets the standardization of the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010 concerning drinking water quality requirements and the result is that the storage time for 15 days had an effect on changes in the values ​​of the parameters pH, TDS and DHL and even though they were stored for 15 days the quality still met drinking water quality standards while the temperature parameter had no effect.
Evaluasi Sistem Proteksi Sambaran Petir pada Gedung G dan Gedung Science Learning Center Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
As a building that had been used all day G building and Science Learning Center has an active lightning protector system that can arrest electrons on clouds. Therefore, it necessary to evaluate and measure on lightning protector system that installed on both building. Main purpose of this research is to know the efficieny of the lightning protector systems that installed on G building and Science Learning Center, and also to know equivalent area of the lightning protector systems that installed on G building and Science Learning Center. This reasearch was done by evaluate the system based on risk assesment to know that the lightning protector system is needed or not to be installed on the building and then to calculate the equivalent area from lightning protector system to know the effiency of it, and lastly to measuring resistance of the building it needs Earth Resistance Tester (ERT) so it suit the Threshold Value. The result of this research shows that the lightning protector system on G building has the III efficiency level in value is 85% effiecient and equivalent area in range of 30,559 km2, meanwhile on Science Learning Center building shows that lightning protector system has the IV effieciency level, in value is 80% efficient and equivalent area in range of 20,658 km2.
Rancang Bangun Prototype Antena Yagi 1,8 Ghz Sebagai Penguat Sinyal Handphone Menggunakan Kayu Ulin
This study was done to develop a Yagi antenna for a 1.8 GHz mobile phone using ironwood as a signal booster as an alternative for some local communities. Designing a Yagi antenna for this study's initial phase, which took place at FMIPA Mulawarman University's Electronics and Instrumentation Laboratory, involved considering its size and range. The boom length is 1 m, the driven length is 7.9 cm, the reflector length is 8.4 cm, and the director length is 7.5 cm after calculating the length and distance of the Yagi antenna parts. The distances between the elements are as follows: 4.1 cm separates the reflector from the driven, 2.5 cm separates the driven from director 1, 3.3 cm separates director 1 from director 2, and 4.1 cm separates directors 3 through 9 from each other. The download signal (receiver) and upload signal were the characteristics used in data collection on Batu Besaung, Samarinda, and East Kalimantan (transceiver). During the course of this data collection, ten maximum data collection points were taken in each of the compass' eight directions. In the final step, data processing is done to find out how much gain the designed Yagi antenna produces. The highest rates recorded are 2,27 Mbps download (receiver) and 2,59 Mbps upload (transceiver), both measured at noon at the tenth point and in the south.
Kalibrasi Timbangan Elektronik Non-Otomatis di UPTD Balai Pengujian dan Sertifikasi Mutu Barang Samarinda
Scales are one of the vital measuring tools that have long been used by humans in everyday life. In determining the measurement quality of the scales, calibration is needed to determine the value of uncertainty. In this regard, a study was conducted to determine the uncertainty of non-automatic electronic scales calibrated using the E2 class standard, and to determine the quality of the instrument from the measurement results by looking at the uncertainty of the calibration results of non-automatic electronic scales. The calculation of the calibration of the electronic scales includes the magnitude of the measurement repeatability, correction of scale readings, the effect of loading not in the middle of the pan, and the effect of hysteresis from the scale by using the direct comparison method to the mass of the reference standard, namely by using the mass standard from class E2. From the calibration of the electronic scales that have been carried out, the results of the correction uncertainty value are 0.0002 g and the maximum uncertainty value is 0.00027 g, while the combined uncertainty is obtained a value of 0.00032 g, which means that the non-automatic Electronic Analytical Balance meets the uncertainty. determined by the standard used. In addition, the non-automatic Electronic Analytical Balance scale is included in good condition with hysteresis test indications of no more than one resolution.